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Hove bone antenna

Fishbone antenna, inonziwo edge antenna, inguva pfupi pfupi inogamuchira antenna.Nguva nenguva nemaunganidzwa maviri epamhepo ekubatanidza symmetric oscillator, iyo symmetric oscillator inogamuchirwa mushure mediki capacitor muunganidzwa online.Pakupera kwemutsara wekuunganidza, ndiko kuti, magumo akatarisana negwara rekutaurirana, kushorwa kwakaenzana nehunhu impedance yemutsetse wekuunganidza yakabatana, uye imwe magumo yakabatana kune anogamuchira kuburikidza neanodyisa.Kuenzaniswa nerhombus antenna, antenna yehove ine zvakanakira zvediki sidelobe (kureva, simba rekugamuchira rakasimba munzira huru yelobe, kushaya simba kwekugamuchira mune dzimwe nzira), kupindirana kudiki pakati peantenna nenzvimbo diki;Kukanganisa kwakaderera kushanda, kuisa uye kushandiswa kwakanyanya kuoma.

Yagi antenna

Inonziwo antenna.Inoumbwa netsvimbo dzesimbi dzinoverengeka, imwe yacho iri radiator, refirita refu kuseri kweradiator, uye mashoma mapfupi pamberi peiyo radiator.Iyo yakapetwa hafu - wave oscillator inowanzoshandiswa mune radiator.Iyo yakanyanya radiation kutungamira yeantenna yakafanana neinongedza nzira yegwaro.Yagi antenna ine zvakanakira chimiro chakareruka, chakareruka uye chakasimba, chikafu chiri nyore;Zvakaipa: nhete frequency bhendi uye urombo anti-kupindira.Zvishandiso mune ultrashort wave kutaurirana uye radar.

Fan antenna

Iine simbi ndiro uye simbi wire mhando mbiri mafomu.Pakati pavo, pane fan simbi ndiro, ndiyo fan simbi waya mhando.Iri rudzi rwe antenna rinowedzera frequency bhendi nekuti inowedzera chikamu chechikamu cheantenna.Wire sector antennas anogona kushandisa matatu, mana kana mashanu simbi waya.Sector antennas anoshandiswa kune ultrashort wave kugamuchira.

Kaviri koni antenna

Iyo kaviri koni antenna ine maviri makoni ane akatarisana makoni kumusoro, uye anodyisa kumusoro kwekoni.Koni inogona kugadzirwa nesimbi, waya kana mesh.Kungofanana nekeji antenna, iyo frequency bhendi yeantenna inowedzerwa sezvo chikamu chechikamu cheantenna chinowedzera.Iyo kaviri koni antenna inonyanya kushandiswa kune ultrashort wave kugamuchira.

Parabolic antenna

Paraboloid antenna inotungamira microwave antenna ine paraboloid reflector uye radiator yakaiswa pafocal point kana focal axis yeparaboloid reflector.Iyo electromagnetic wave inoburitswa neradiator inoratidzwa neparaboloid, ichigadzira danda rakananga.

Parabolic reflector yakagadzirwa nesimbi ine yakanaka conductivity, pane kunyanya nzira ina dzinotevera: kutenderera paraboloid, cylindrical paraboloid, kucheka kutenderera kweparaboloid uye elliptic edge paraboloid, inonyanya kushandiswa ndeyekutenderera paraboloid uye cylindrical paraboloid.Half wave oscillator, open waveguide, slotted waveguide uye zvichingodaro zvinowanzo shandiswa mumaradiator.

Iyo parabolic antenna ine mabhenefiti eyakapusa chimiro, yakasimba kutungamira uye yakakura yekushanda frequency bhendi.Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvi: nokuti radiator iri mumunda wemagetsi weparabolic reflector, kuratidzira kune maitiro makuru kune radiator, uye zvakaoma kuwana mutsara wakanaka pakati peantenna uye feeder.Iyo yekumashure mwaranzi yakakura;Dhigirii yakaipa yekudzivirira;Kunyatsogadzirwa kwepamusoro.Iyo antenna inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumicrowave relay kutaurirana, tropospheric scatter communication, radar uye terevhizheni.

Nyanga paraboloid antenna

Nyanga paraboloid antenna ine zvikamu zviviri: nyanga uye paraboloid.Iyo paraboloid inovhara nyanga, uye vertex yenyanga iri panzvimbo yepakati peparaboloid.Nyanga ndiyo radiator, inopenya mafungu emagetsi kune paraboloid, mafungu emagetsi mushure mekuratidzwa kweparaboloid, akatarisana nedanda rakatetepa rakaburitswa.Zvakanakira iyo nyanga paraboloid antenna ndeiyi: chiratidziro hachina chekuita kune radiator, radiator haina kudzivirira pamhepo inotaridza mafungu, uye antenna inopindirana zvakanaka nemudziyo wekudyisa;Iyo yekumashure mwaranzi idiki;High degree yekudzivirira;Iyo yekushanda frequency bhendi yakakura kwazvo;Chimiro chakareruka.Horn paraboloid antennas anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muhunde relay kutaurirana.

Nyanga antenna

Uyewo inonzi Angle antenna.Iyo inoumbwa neuniform waveguide uye nyanga waveguide ine zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera chikamu chemuchinjikwa.Nyanga antenna ine mafomu matatu: fan horn antenna, nyanga yenyanga antenna uye conical nyanga antenna.Nyanga antenna ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa microwave antenna, anowanzo shandiswa seradiator.Kubatsira kwayo kwakakura kushanda frequency band;Iyo yekukanganisa yakakura saizi, uye kune imwechete caliber, kutungamira kwayo hakuna kupinza separabolic antenna.

Nyanga lenzi antenna

Iyo inoumbwa nenyanga uye lens yakaiswa pane nyanga aperture, saka inonzi nyanga lens antenna.Ona Lens antenna yemusimboti welenzi.Rudzi urwu rweantenna ine yakafararira yekushanda frequency bhendi, uye ine kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro pane parabolic antenna.Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu microwave hunde kutaurirana nenhamba huru yematanho.

Lens antenna

Mune centimita bhendi, akawanda optical nheyo anogona kuiswa kune antennas.Mune optics, spherical wave inovhenekerwa nepoint source panzvimbo yelens inogona kushandurwa kuita masaisai endege nekuramba kuburikidza nelenzi.Iyo lens antenna inogadzirwa uchishandisa musimboti uyu.Iyo ine lens uye radiator yakaiswa panzvimbo yepakati yelens.Kune marudzi maviri e lens antenna: dielectric inodzikisa lens antenna uye simbi inomhanyisa lens antenna.Iyo lens inogadzirwa neakaderera - kurasikirwa kwakakwira - frequency yepakati, gobvu pakati uye yakatetepa kutenderera.Iyo spherical wave inobuda kubva kune radiation sosi inodzikiswa sezvo ichipfuura nepakati dielectric lens.Saka iyo spherical wave ine nzira refu yekudzikisira mukati mechikamu chelens, uye nzira pfupi yekudzikira munzvimbo.Nekuda kweizvozvo, spherical wave inopfuura nemu lens uye inove ndege wave, ndiko kuti, mwaranzi inotungamirwa.Lens ine nhamba yemarata ematare ehurefu hwakasiyana akaiswa mukufanana.Iyo ndiro yesimbi inotenderera pasi, uye iyo iri pedyo nepakati, iyo ipfupi.Masaisai anoenderana nerata resimbi

Kupararira kwepakati kunowedzera.Kana spherical wave kubva pamwaranzi yemwaranzi ichipfuura nepalenzi yesimbi, inokwidziridzwa ichifamba nenzira refu padyo nekumucheto kwelens uye nzira ipfupi pakati.Nekuda kweizvozvo, spherical wave inopfuura nepakati pesimbi lens inove ndege wave.

Iyo lens antenna ine zvinotevera zvakanakira:

1. Side lobe uye back lobe idiki, saka dhairekitori dhizaini iri nani;

2. Iyo chaiyo yekugadzira lens haisi yakakwirira, saka zviri nyore kugadzira.Kukanganisa kwaro kuderera kwekushanda, chimiro chakaoma uye mutengo mukuru.Lens antennas anoshandiswa mumicrowave relay kutaurirana.

Slot antenna

Imwe kana akati wandei yakamanikana inovhurwa pane hombe simbi ndiro uye inodyiswa ne coaxial mutsara kana waveguide.Iyo antenna yakaumbwa neiyi nzira inodaidzwa kuti slotted antenna, inozivikanwawo se slit antenna.Kuti uwane unidirectional radiation, gomba rinogadzirwa kumashure kwesimbi ndiro, uye groove inodyiswa zvakananga ne waveguide.Iyo slotted antenna ine chimiro chakareruka uye isina protrusion, saka inonyanya kukodzera kune yakakwirira-kumhanya ndege.Izvo zvinokanganisa ndezvekuti inonetsa kuridza.

Dielectric antenna

Dielectric antenna kurasikirwa kwakaderera kwakakwira frequency dielectric zvinhu (kazhinji ine polystyrene) yakagadzirwa netsvimbo yakatenderera, imwe magumo ayo anodyiswa ne coaxial mutsara kana waveguide.2 ndeyekuwedzeredzwa kwemukati conductor weiyo coaxial mutsara, ichigadzira oscillator kufadza mafungu emagetsi;3 ndiyo coaxial mutsara;4 ndiro sleeve yesimbi.Basa re sleeve harisi chete kusungirira tsvimbo ye dielectric, asi zvakare kuratidza iyo electromagnetic wave, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti iyo electromagnetic wave inonakidzwa nemukati conductor weiyo coaxial mutsara uye inopararira kune yakasununguka magumo eiyo dielectric tsvimbo. .Zvakanakira dielectric antenna idiki saizi uye inopinza kutungamira.Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti iyo yepakati inorasika uye saka haina kunyatsoshanda.

Periscope antenna

Mune microwave relay kutaurirana, antennas anowanzo kuisirwa pazvitsigiro zvakanyanya, saka mafidhi marefu anodiwa kudyisa antennas.Kurebesa kudyisa kunokonzeresa matambudziko mazhinji, senge chimiro chakaomarara, kurasikirwa kwesimba rakawanda, kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekuratidzira kwesimba pajunction yekudyisa, nezvimwe. pasi uye chepamusoro chegirazi chepamusoro chakaiswa pabhuraketi.Iyo yepasi girazi radiator inowanzoita parabolic antenna, uye yekumusoro girazi rekuratidzira iplate resimbi.Girazi rezasi regirazi rinoburitsa masaisai emagetsi kumusoro uye rinoaratidza kubva mundiro yesimbi.Zvakanakira periscope antenna kushomeka kwesimba kurasikirwa, kushomeka kukanganiswa uye kugona kwakanyanya.Inonyanya kushandiswa mu microwave relay kutaurirana nediki diki.

The spiral antenna

Iyo antenna ine helical shape.Inoumbwa ne conductive yakanaka yesimbi helix, kazhinji ine coaxial line feed, coaxial mutsara wepakati mutsara uye imwe mugumo wehelix yakabatana, kunze conductor ye coaxial line uye pasi simbi network (kana ndiro) yakabatana.Iyo radiation inotungamira yehelical antenna ine hukama nedenderedzwa reiyo helix.Kana iyo denderedzwa yehelix idiki zvakanyanya pane wavelength, kutungamira kwemwaranzi yakasimba ndeye perpendicular kune axis yehelix.Kana denderedzwa rehelix riri pahurongwa hwewavelength imwe, mwaranzi yakasimba kwazvo inoitika pamwe neaxis yehelix.

Antenna tuner

Iyo impedance inoenderana network inobatanidza transmitter kune antenna, inonzi antenna tuner.Iyo yekupinza impedance yeantenna inosiyana zvakanyanya neiyo frequency, nepo inobuda impedance yetransmitter ndeyechokwadi.Kana iyo transmitter uye antenna zvakabatana zvakananga, kana frequency yetransmitter ichichinja, iyo impedance mismatch pakati peiyo transmitter uye antenna inoderedza simba remwaranzi.Uchishandisa antenna tuner, zvinogoneka kuenzanisa iyo impedance pakati peiyo transmitter uye antenna kuitira kuti antenna ive neyakakura yakavhenekerwa simba pane chero frequency.Antenna tuners anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muvhu, mota, ngarava uye nendege shortwave nhepfenyuro.

Log periodic antenna

Iyo yakafara-bhendi antenna, kana frequency yakazvimirira antenna.Iyo yakapfava log-periodic antenna ine dipole kureba uye kupindirana kunoenderana neinotevera hukama: iyo τ dipole inodyiswa neyunifomu mbiri-waya yekufambisa mutsara, iyo inochinjirwa pakati pepedyo dipoles.Iyi antenna ine hunhu hwekuti hunhu hwese pafrequency F huchadzokororwa pama frequency ese anopihwa na τ kana f, apo n iri nhamba.Aya mafambiro ese akapatsanurwa zvakaenzana parogi bar, uye nguva yacho yakaenzana nerogi ye τ.Saka zita rekuti logarithmic periodic antenna.Log-periodic antennas inongodzokorora nguva nenguva iyo radiation maitiro uye impedance maitiro.Asi kune chimiro chakadaro, kana τ isiri pasi pe1, shanduko yemaitiro panguva idiki kwazvo, saka inongozvimiririra pane frequency.Kune akawanda marudzi e log-periodic antenna, akadai se log-periodic dipole antenna uye monopole antenna, log-periodic resonant V-shaped antenna, log-periodic spiral antenna, etc. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye log-periodic dipole antenna.Aya antenna anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumabhendi pamusoro pemapfupi uye mapfupi masaisai.